五台山—恒山地区变质岩系构造相相变成因分析

五台山—恒山地区出露有不同层次的地壳,是研究构造相最理想的地区之一。作者对该区早前寒武纪构造特征进行了分析。根据不同层次的褶皱、断裂、布丁化岩石及同构造分泌结晶脉的宏观地质特征和与其相关的微组构特征,结合当前实验研究成果,提出了变质岩构造相新的划分方案,并对该区进行了构造相的划分;综合地质单元的地质特征、岩石学、变形变质特征和同位素年代学资料,对区内早前寒武纪的构造环境进行了初步研究;并在此基础上对该区的地壳演化和构造相相变成因进行了探讨。合理地解释了变质岩区普遍发生的所谓"同岩异化"和"异岩趋同",或"同物异相"和"同相异样"现象,为变质岩区提供了一种新的研究思路和工作方法。恒山角闪麻粒岩相高级区代表中-下地壳的过渡带、拆离带,其典型的构造样式、物质组成、变质作用及深融作用对于研究中下地壳的流变习性、地壳分异作用、早期大陆裂解事件具有十分重要的意义。     

贵州乌当地区泥盆系乌当组下部粘土岩成因的初步研究

于贵州乌当地区泥盆系乌当组下部发现了3层粘土岩,运用X射线衍射（XRD）、湿化学法和电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）等分析方法分别对其矿物组成、主量元素及微量元素含量进行分析。结果显示这3层粘土岩中的粘土矿物主要为蒙脱石和伊利石,同时含少量高岭石。粘土岩的K2O含量范围为5．60％～7．77％,平均值为6．92％,...     

拆除工程及石方开挖工程施工方案

针对具体的水利建设工程中的拆除工程及石方开挖工程,从测量放线、溢洪道混凝土拆除、主坝拆除、灌溉洞拆除等方面给出了拆除工程的施工方案;从爆破试验、石方明挖爆破参数选择、周边预裂孔爆破参数的选定以及其他方面,给出了石方开挖工程的施工方案。     

Preliminary regional estimation of carbon sink flux by carbonate rock corrosion: A case study of the Pearl River Basin

The formation of carbonate rocks has had a dramatic sink effect on atmospheric CO2 throughout geological time.The wide global distribution of carbonate rocks and their strong sensitivity to climate change mean that carbonate rock corrosion consuming air/soil CO2 can play an important role in the global carbon cycle.The carbon sink accounts for 12.00%-35.29% of the missing carbon in the global carbon cycle.Using the Pearl River Basin as a case study,we analyzed comprehensively the factors impacting karstific...     

Skin collagen fiber-based radar absorbing materials

By using skin collagen fiber (CF) as raw material,Schiff base structure containing CF (Sa-CF) was synthesized through CF-salicylaldehyde reaction.Then a novel radar absorbing material (Fe-Sa-CF) was prepared by chelating reaction between Sa-CF and Fe 3+.The coaxial transmission and reflection method was used to analyze the complex permittivity and complex magnetic permeability of these CF-based materials,and the radar cross section (RCS) method was used to investigate their radar absorbing properties in the frequency range of 1.0-18.0 GHz.Experimental results indicated that the conductivity of CF increased from initial 1.08×10-11 to 2.86×10-6 S/cm after being transferred into Fe-Sa-CF,and its dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) in the frequency range of 1.0-17.0 GHz also increased.These facts suggest that the Fe-Sa-CF is electric-loss type radar absorbing material.In the frequency range of 3.0-18.0 GHz,Sa-CF (1.0 mm in thickness) exhibited somewhat radar absorbing property with maximum radar reflection loss (RL) of-4.73 dB.As for Fe-Sa-CF,the absorbing bandwidth was broadened,and the absorbing intensity significantly increased in the frequency range of 1.0-18.0 GHz where a maximum radar RL of-9.23 dB was observed.In addition,the radar absorbing intensity of Fe-Sa-CF can be further improved by increasing membrane thickness.When the thickness reached to 2.0 mm,the RL values of Fe-Sa-CF were-15.0-18.0 dB in the frequency range of 7.0-18.0 GHz.Consequently,a kind of novel radar absorbing material can be prepared by chemical modification of collagen fiber,which is characterized by thin thickness,low density,broad absorption bandwidth and high absorption intensity.     

Predicting the spread of nuclear radiation from the damaged Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant

Japan suffered a M9.0 earthquake and massive tsunami on March 11, 2011, which seriously damaged the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant and caused a nuclear crisis. The spread of nuclear radiation from the power plant through the atmosphere and ocean was predicted with a short-term climate forecasting model and an ocean circulation model under some idealized assumptions. If nuclear matter were leaked in the near-ground layer of 992 hPa, the climate model results show that the nuclear radiation would cover North America 10 days after the initial leakage, with the concentration at the forefront dramatically reduced to 10 millionths of the initial model concentration at the source. The radiation would span Europe in 15 days and cover much of the Northern Hemisphere in 30 days. If the initial leakage was assumed to occur in the layer 5000-m above the ground, the radiation would cover Europe in 10 days and cover much of the Northern Hemisphere in 15 days. Moreover, under the assumption that the nuclear matter leaked in the 10000-m layer, the radiation would affect much of China after 10 days. The ocean circulation model indicates that the nuclear material would be slowly transported northeast of Fukushima and reach 150°E in 50 days, and the nuclear debris in the ocean would be confined to a narrow band. Compared with the spread in the ocean, the area affected by leaked nuclear radiation in the atmosphere would be very large. Atmospheric monitors in North America and Europe will be helpful for estimating the effect in China of any leaked nuclear material.     

Tert-butylhydroquinone-decorated graphene nanosheets and their enhanced capacitive behaviors

In the present work,tert-butylhydroquinone(TBHQ) was used to decorate graphene nanosheets to obtain a novel and environmentally friendly electrode material for supercapacitors.The fast redox reactions between hydroquinone and quinone generate pseudocapacitance.Graphene layers which have adsorbed TBHQ interact with each other to construct a three-dimensional network.Through this network,electrolyte ions can easily access the surface of graphene to generate electric double-layer capacitance.Electrochemical measurements have shown that using TBHQ as a redox modifier of graphene can obtain a maximum value of 302 F g-1 and provide a 51% enhancement in specific capacitance.Furthermore,excellent rate capability and cycling ability are achieved using the TBHQ-decorated graphene nanosheet electrode.     

适于全断面岩石掘进机的围岩分类方法

为了研究影响全断面岩石掘进机(TBM)掘进速率的地质因素,利用三维离散元程序3DEC建立TBM滚刀破岩三维仿真模型,分析不同的地质条件对TBM掘进速率的影响,根据TBM在围岩中的可钻性对南水北调西线工程中的围岩进行分类。分析结果表明:TBM掘进速率与岩石物理力学性质及岩体中的节理条件密切相关,在一定范围内,围岩强度越低,节理分布越密集,TBM掘进速率越高;而围岩强度越高,节理间距越大,使得TBM掘进速率大大降低。     

重新堆积和钴离子掺杂的MoS2负极材料的合成与性能研究

以原料MoS2为前驱体,经正丁基锂剥离和水热处理,制备出重新堆积的MoS2和钴离子掺杂的MoS2.利用XRD、TEM、SEM和EDS等分析手段对样品的形貌和化学组成进行表征.结果表明:重新堆积的MoS2和钴离子掺杂的MoS2的晶型均为2H-MoS2,但结晶度都比原料的差.重新堆积的样品的组成仍为MoS2,Co2+掺杂的...     

爆破振动作用下巷道围岩微裂纹扩展研究

考虑开挖二次应力场和矿体回采爆破振动对圆形巷道围岩微裂纹的影响,探讨巷道围岩裂纹尖端应力场及单节理微裂纹的Ⅰ、Ⅱ型应力强度因子,基于双剪统一强度理论,研究圆形巷道围岩微裂纹裂尖在二次开挖应力场及爆破振动动力场作用下的裂尖起裂角和裂尖塑性区统一解.根据计算式及所得图形,分析比较爆破振动影响下微裂纹扩展角及裂纹尖端塑性区范...